Application and development of small molecule fluorescent probes for super-resolution fluorescence imaging

The rising incidence of cancer underscores the significance of cancer screening and thorough investigation of cancer drug resistance mechanisms. Higher–resolution microscopy is required to uncover these mechanisms. Super–resolution fluorescence imaging (SRM) is an advanced imaging technique that can surpass the resolution limit of conventional fluorescence microscopy and is, therefore, crucial in this field. This paper discusses the principles and development of super–resolution fluorescence imaging technology, including its different classifications, such as STED, SIM, and PALM/STORM. The labelling methods used in super–resolution fluorescence imaging technology include fluorescent proteins, antibody probes, and aptamer probes. Small molecule probes have become a popular marker in super–resolution fluorescence imaging due to their small size, high stability, and good permeability. Their use can aid in revealing cancer pathogenesis and support more effective therapeutic approaches.