Influence of Type 2 Diabetes on the Cytokine Cascade in the Population of a Large Industrial City (Based on the Example of Chelyabinsk)

BACKGROUND: The steady increase in the number of patients with comorbid pathology in large industrial cities necessitates the study of the immune response in this category of patients. AIM: To investigate the cytokine profile of residents of a large industrial city (using Chelyabinsk as an example) depending on the presence of comorbid pathology (type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 61 people, including 39 people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 22 clinically healthy volunteers. The multiplex assessment method was used to evaluate the concentrations of 11 cytokines in the blood serum: GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, MIP-1β, TNF-α (pg/ml). RESULTS: Determination of the concentration of cytokines in the blood serum of patients with comorbid pathology in Chelyabinsk revealed a number of features, consisting in the predominance of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-8, MIP-1β, IL-12p70, IL-17A) and a shift in the Th1/Th2 balance towards the proinflammatory phenotype Th1. CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results confirm the presence of inflammation in comorbid pathology (type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension) in the population of Chelyabinsk.