Detection of pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistant tuberculosis from sputum samples in a tertiary care hospital, Delhi & NCR, India

This study examines pulmonary TB diagnosis and Rifampicin resistance in sputum samples from a Delhi tertiary hospital. Findings indicate a 3.08% TB prevalence, significant gender differences, and morning specimens' diagnostic superiority. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) ranks second only to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in terms of infectious disease-related deaths, and it also plays a significant role in the development of antibiotic resistance worldwide [1]. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex is responsible for transmitting it, making it one of the oldest diseases known to affect humans and a major cause of death on a global scale [2]. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a thin, aerobic bacterium that measures 0.5 x 3 m, is rod-shaped, and is non-spore-forming in nature. Acid-fast microorganisms are known as mycobacteria.