Serious Adverse Reaction: Acute Neurological Disease Associated With Yellow Fever Vaccine in an Infantcase Report

Yellow fever (YF) is a zoonosis, predominant in tropical regions, caused by the Flavivirus arbovirus, transmitted by the female mosquitoes Haemagogus (sylvatic) and Aedes aegypti (urban).It is a disease subject to immediate compulsory notification, according to the Ministry of Health Ordinance since 2017.In 2019, the state of Santa Catarina (SC) registered the presence and expansion of the YF virus, becoming, along with Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, the Southern region of Brazil as an Area with Recommendation for Vaccination (ARV) for YF.Vaccination is the main strategy for preventing new cases, effective and safe, although not exempt from serious adverse events, such as hypersensitivity reactions, acute neurological disease, and acute viscerotropic disease.Thus, the importance of vaccination interrogation and checking children's and adolescents' vaccination cards in the pediatrician's medical practice is emphasized, with particular emphasis on the yellow fever vaccine, whose possible adverse effects may occur up to thirty days after administration.