A Study of Heart Rate Variability in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction: Heart rate variability is the gold standard parameter for cardiac autonomic dysfunction. The aim of this study is to evaluate the heart rate variability in type 2 diabetes mellitus patient and the damage of autonomic nervous system, Low heart rate variability is a marker for the cardiac autonomic dysfunction which reects the sympathetic and parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system on the sinus node, hence there is increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac arrest. Method: 100 cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient of age 40-65 year of age of both sex match with controls in the time domain analysis we measure the RR interval (NN), mean RR interval (mean heart rate), standard deviation in RR interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and percentage of Beats with a consecutive RR interval difference (PNN50), in frequency domain LF and HF ratio measured. Result And Statistical Analysis: Statistically no signicant difference between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient (control) for the age and sex in the time domain analysis however reduced value of all the parameters was obtained. For frequency domain low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) ratio which was signicantly lower in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient in the age group 40-50 and 51-61 but not signicant more than 61 years age group. Conclusions: We were able to nd out with this study that Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient associated with overall decrease heart rate variability due to cardiac autonomic nerve bre damage and dysfunction leading to decrease activity in both sympathetic and parasympathetic which can be explained by the deleterious effect of altered glucose metabolism on heart rate variability. Since heart rate variability is gold standard, non-invasive, reliable measurement so it gives the benet to evaluation in assessing and monitoring the severity of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patient