Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Cotinus coggygria Scop. extracts in vivo

Objective: To assess the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of standardized extract of Cotinus coggygria ( C. coggygria ) in different animal models. Methods: C. coggygria extracts (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) were administered to rats and mice ( n =6) during hot plate, tail-flick, acetic acid-induced writhing, and formalin tests to determine its analgesic efficacy. The anti-inflammatory activity of C. coggygria extracts was evaluated by histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema, cotton pellet-induced granuloma, and acetic acid-induced peritoneal capillary dye leakage tests. Results: C. coggygria extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly alleviated thermal and chemical-induced pain in rodents ( P <0.05). It also demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory properties by mitigating histamine and carrageenan-induced paw edema, granuloma deposits, and vascular permeability ( P <0.05). Moreover, C. coggygria extracts remarkably reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and oxidative stress in rat paws ( P <0.05). Carrageenan-induced histological aberrations in hind paw tissues were effectively ( P <0.05) mitigated by treatment with C. coggygria extracts. Conclusions: C. coggygria Scop. extracts show analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects via inhibition of COX-2 and inflammatory and oxidative mediators.