FIGURE 4 from Mutant RAS-driven Secretome Causes Skeletal Muscle Defects in Breast Cancer

Tumors derived from breast epithelial cells transformed with HRASG12V oncogene cause significant skeletal muscle defects. A, Metastatic breast cancers show significant genomic aberrations in four RAS proto-oncogenes. B, Growth rate of tumors derived from three cell lines—TKTB34-RAS, TKTB6-RAS, and TKTB34-PIK3CA. A total of 1 × 10⁶ cells were injected to the mammary fat pad. C, RAS protein levels in transformed cell lines. D, Impaired rotarod performance were observed in mice bearing tumors from RAS transformed cells. E, Mutant RAS oncogene-derived tumors but not mutant PIK3CA-derived tumors caused reduction in skeletal muscle contraction force. F, Tumors derived from TKTB34-RAS, which expressed higher levels of HRASG12V than TKTB6-RAS, caused severe loss of grip strength. G, Tumors derived from TKTB34-RAS transformed cells caused reduction in EDL muscle weight.