Dependence of the results of functional methods of visual examination on the level of glycated hemoglobin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Background.There are few data on the relationship of biometric parameters, refraction and intraocular pressure with the level of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the subcompensation phase. Purpose. To evaluate the results of functional methods for studying the organ of vision in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, depending on the level of HbA1c. Results.In patients with type 1 diabetes, in 69.6 % of cases there were manifestations of dysfunction of the meibomian glands (MG) of varying severity, manifestations of hyperemia (17–39.8 %) and mild conjunctival edema (28 %), reduced tear film rupture and decreased meniscus level. The Schirmer test showed a decrease in tear secretion. A correlation was found between the level of HbA1c and the value of intraocular pressure. There was a decrease in the thickness of the retina in the central zone, depending on the duration of diabetes. Conclusion.The results of the studies showed that the indicators of ultrasound and OCT in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus depend on the level of HbA1c and the duration of the underlying disease. Among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, refractive errors were more common (76 %) than in children of the control group (38.5 %).