The application of nanotechnology in preventing photoaging and photodamage

Skin is the first protecting us barrier from the external environment. Overexposure to sunlight, containing harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR), may lead to photoaging. Prolonged exposure to UVR produces a notable volume of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can exacerbate the degradation of the skin's essential structural proteins, including collagen and elastin. This interference may result in conditions like dermal solar elastosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling. UVR can cause different types of skin damage, including direct and indirect DNA damage, oxidative stress, and immune suppression. These effects can have severe consequences and lead to various skin problems, such as melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) skin cancers. In this review, we will examine how nanotechnology can be used in the prevention and treatment of skin aging and damage resulting from UVR exposure. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions for safeguarding the skin against UVR's harmful effects and repairing resulting damage.