Using The ASCVD Score to Estimate Severity of Atherosclerotic Occlusion

Background: The ASCVD (Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease) risk score, developed by the American College of Cardiology, predicts the risk of cardiovascular problems over the next 10 years. The Gensini score is a useful tool for evaluating the severity of coronary artery occlusion. However, the correlation between the ASCVD score and stenosis severity in patients with CAD has not been investigated. Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between the ASCVD Score and the degree of stenosis based on the Gensini Score (GS) in patients with coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography. Method: This observational cross-sectional study enrolled patients who underwent coronary angiography for ST-elevation myocardial infarction, NSTEMI, unstable angina pectoris, or chest pain at Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital Semarang from January 2020 to December 2021. The patients were assessed using the ASCVD score and divided into two groups according to the Gensini score: mild-moderate (Gensini Score <38 points) and severe (Gensini Score >38 points). Data were analyzed using spearman and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the dominant risk factors. Result: Among 151 patients, 52 had severe stenosis scores. Patients with a high ASCVD score had the highest GS. Regression analysis of risk factors showed the best association of GS with gender (p=0.000) and Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.019). Connsclusion: The present study indicates that the ASCVD score correlates with the severity of stenosis and is related to the cardiovascular risk factors of diabetes and gender.