Bacteria polarize M-MDSCs toward immunosuppressive M2 phenotype. A, Representative microscopic images of cell cultures of M-MDSCs at day 0 and after 72 hours incubation with or without bacteria at a ratio of 1:100, in the presence or absence of GMCSF or MCSF (n = 3–6). Magnification: 20x, Scale bar, 100 µm. B, Flow cytometry plots of the surface markers MHC II and CD86 of M-MDSCs (left). MHC II+ CD86⁺ cells are gated and their percentages are summarized (right; n = 4–6). C, Flow cytometry plots of the surface markers MHC II and F4/80 of M-MDSCs. MHC II+ F4/80+ cells are gated and their percentages are summarized in (right; n = 4–6). D, Flow cytometry analysis of F4/80 expression in M-MDSCs that were incubated in the presence or absence of bacteria at a ratio of 1:10 with or without MCSF (n = 4 per group). Results are represented as MFI. E, Flow cytometry histogram showing the expression levels of CD206 in M-MDSCs that were incubated with or without bacteria at a ratio of 1:10, in the presence or absence of MCSF (left; n = 4). Results are summarized and the MFI is presented (right). Representative data of one out of two independent experiments. Results are represented as mean ± SEM; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.
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Ashkenazi‐Preiser et al. (2024) studied this question.
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