Risk factors for colonization with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales among hospitalized patients in Guatemala: An Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) study

• Inpatient, human colonization with cephalosporin- and carbapenem-resistant bacteria was high. • Cephalosporin and carbapenem administration were predictive of colonization. • Length of stay, previous hospitalization, and intubation were also predictive. • No household-level variables predicted colonization in the hospital. • Colonization may serve as a useful metric to assess IPC programs in hospitals.