A 37–43.5-GHz Fully Integrated 16-Element Phased-Array Transceiver With 64-QAM 7.2-Gb/s Data Rates Supporting Dual-Polarized MIMO

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This letter presents a fully integrated 16-element phased-array transceiver (TRX) supporting dual-polarization multi-input multi-output (DP-MIMO). transmitting/receiving (T/R) switches are embedded for time division duplexing (TDD) operation. High-linearity bidirectional variable gain amplifiers (Bi-VGAs) and passive phase shifters (PSs) are designed for compact area and low power consumption, respectively. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, this TRX occupies an area of 25.76 mm <tex-math notation="LaTeX">²</tex-math> . With integrated frequency synthesizer, the TRX can work from 37 to 43.5 GHz, which can fully cover 5G new radio (NR) frequency range 2 (FR2) n259 and n260 bands. In the receiver (RX) mode, a noise figure (NF) of 5.4–6.3 dB and a peak conversion gain (CG) of 27.3 dB are achieved. The transmitter (TX) mode achieves a peak CG of 48.7 dB, a 13.1-dBm OP <tex-math notation="LaTeX">1\,dB</tex-math> , and a 15.8-dBm <tex-math notation="LaTeX">Pₛₐₜ</tex-math> . By using 64-QAM modulation, measurement results show that the TRX achieves a data rate up to 7.2 Gb/s per independent data stream with 7.65 dBm output power per channel.