Analysis of changes in the morphology of retinal inner layers after surgical treatment of rhegmatogenous detachment complicated by macular hole

Macular hole in combination with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, this disease can lead to an irreversible decrease in visual function and requires immediate surgical treatment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of changes in the anatomy of the inner layers of the retina according to optical coherence tomography (OCT) data after surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with OSMR stage C proliferative vitreoretinopathy, depending on membrane peeling. Material and methods. We studied the data of 40 patients (40 eyes) diagnosed with retinal detachment with macular hole stage C proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Patients of group 1 (20 patients, 20 eyes) underwent surgical treatment with closure of the macular hole with an inverted flap of the internal limiting membrane. Patients of group 2 (20 patients, 20 eyes) did not undergo macular hole closure during the first stage of surgical treatment. Results. When comparing the retinal tissue volume indicator between groups, there is a decrease in the indicator in patients who underwent ILM peeling in the parafoveal zone — by 1.22 times, the indicator was 0.645 ± 0.041 mm3 (p = 0.048 in comparison with data from patients of the 1st group). In the temporal quadrant, the difference in indicators persisted until one year after surgery. Conclusion. Refusal to perform membrane peeling on a detached retina during the first stage of surgical intervention allows one to avoid aggressive mechanical trauma to the retinal tissue due to its mobility. The mechanical impact exerted damages the retinal tissue, local defects of which can persist for up to a year after surgery.