Losartan Ameliorates Ovarian Ischaemia/ Revascularization Injury in Adult Albino Rats: Histological and Immunohistochemial Study

Background: the ovary's partial or complete rotation around its pedicle is known as ovarian torsion. It represents around 3% of all gynecological emergencies. Treatment and diagnosis at an early stage are essential and may assist to maintain fertility. The preferred course of treatment is surgical intervention. Nonetheless, ischemia/revascularization injury (IRI) should be decreased to lessen post-torsion ovarian damage because reperfusion injury damages tissues more than ischemic injury does.Aim of work: This work used histological, immuno-histochemical, biochemical, and morphometric analyses to evaluate the potential protective impact of losartan on damage to the ovaries caused by ischemia revascularization (I/R) in a rat model. Material and Methods: Twenty eight adult female albino rats were utilized. The rats were divided identically into four groups. Group I:Control(Sham). Group II:(Ischemia) undergone an ischemia lasting three hours. Group III:(Ischemia/ revascularization) similar to group II, then three hours of revascularization. Group IV:(Ischemia/revascularization and losartan) This group was subjected to ischemia for three hours accompanied by oral losartan (40 mg/kg) given 30 minutes prior to revascularization then revascularization was done for three hours. Ovaries were excised and subjected to Hematoxylin &Eosein stain, Caspase-3, TNF-α and IL-1β immuno-histolochemical, (SOD, GSH &MDA) biochemical and morphometric investigations. Results: The ovaries in the ischemia and (I/R) groups showed degenerated follicles. Edema, dilated congested vessels, hemorrhage & hyaline degeneration in the ovarian stroma. Marked inflammatory cellular infiltration was noted. Compared to the other groups, the ischemia as well as I/R groups showed considerably higher MDA concentrations and significantly lower SOD and GSH concentrations. Also, these groups showed significant increase in positive immunoreactivity for Caspase-3, TNF-α and IL-1β compared to other groups. Losartan treatment improves histological findings, biochemical values and morphometric results. Conclusion: Losartan ameliorates ovarian ischemia/revascularization injury via controlling inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress.