Childhood asthma represents a heterogeneous challenging disease, particularly in its severe forms. The identification of different asthma phenotypes has stimulated research in underlying molecular mechanisms, such as the endotypes, and paved the way to the search for related specific biomarkers, which may guide diagnosis, management and prediction of treatment response The present study was a cross-sectional hospital based study carried out at pediatric departments, Minia University.It was conducted on 60 children known as asthmatic, they were attended to Minia University Hospital, their age were from 3 years to 12 years. They were divided into 2 groups: group I: It was included 30 asthmatic children presented to the pediatric department with asthma exacerbation according to GINA 2021, group II: It was included 30 stable asthmatic children. Results: There was a statistically significant higher values of (TLC, eosinophil count) detected in the exacerbation group than stable group with p value (0.008, <0.001) respectively Blood eosinophils have significant moderate positive correlation with number of exacerbation (R=0.58, p value= <0.001), blood eosinophils have significant moderate negative correlation with control status (R=-0.58, p value= <0.001) there is highest values of blood eosinophils in uncontrolled groups (p value <0.001). Blood Eosinophils is a potent predictor marker for asthma exacerbation (OR=9.699) Conclusion: We determined that previous history of severe exacerbation, blood eosinophil counts was associated with the risk of future exacerbation in severe asthma despite receiving multiple therapy. Eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbation and reportedly associated with the frequency of asthma exacerbation.
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Hassan et al. (2024) studied this question.