Estimation of Potential Greenhouse Gases from the Agriculture and Livestock Sectors

Greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector, including methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2), contribute significantly to climate change.This study aims to estimate the potential greenhouse gas emissions from the rice agriculture subsector and livestock subsector in Sigi Biromaru District, Sigi Regency, Indonesia, and identify effective mitigation measures.A descriptive survey was conducted using questionnaires administered to farmers in the district.Data on agricultural practices, including water regime, fertilizer use, and manure management, were collected.Additionally, data on the number of livestock and the average weight of livestock were obtained from the Livestock and Animal Health Office of Sigi Regency, while data on the area of rice farming land was obtained from the Horticulture and Plantation Food Crops Office of Sigi Regency.The estimated potential greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector in 2022 amounted to 24,277.39 tons of CO2 eq, with the rice agriculture subsector contributing 14,538.08tons of CO2 eq (59.88%) and the livestock subsector contributing 9,739.31tons of CO2 eq (40.12%).Methane (CH4) accounted for the largest proportion of emissions, reaching 22,911.45tons of CO2 eq (94.37%), followed by nitrous oxide (N2O) at 1,303.64 tons of CO2 eq (5.37%) and carbon dioxide (CO2) at 62.30 tons of CO2 eq (0.26%).The agricultural sector in Sigi Biromaru District is a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions, with methane from rice cultivation and livestock manure management being the major contributors.