A Perspective Analysis of Optical Biosensors in Machine Learning Applications

Optical biosensors, a novel invention at the intersection of biotechnology and optics, are revolutionizing the field of biomedical diagnostics. Optical biosensors act by identifying variations in light's wavelength, phase, polarization, or intensity caused by interactions between a sensing element and the target analyte. Optical biosensors outperform other sensor types in sensing applications due to their quick, accurate, and extremely sensitive results. When evaluating optical sensors, total power, core power, efficient area, and indices are the most crucial variables to consider. Recent years have seen notable advancements in machine learning (ML), a branch of artificial intelligence (AI). This review investigates the complementary nature of optical biosensors and machine learning methods. Here, the potential utility of ML for optical biosensors is explored in detail. The advantages and drawbacks of the most popular machine learning methods are listed based on an analysis of the optical biosensing data. It highlights the possible effects of machine learning on improving the sensitivity, selectivity, and adaptability of optical biosensing devices, and it summarizes current advancements in the field. Finally, the study considers the challenges and limitations that associated with current optical biosensing techniques.