Establishment of Different Intraoperative Monitoring and Mapping Techniques and Their Impact on Survival, Extent of Resection, and Clinical Outcome in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas—A Series of 631 Patients in 14 Years

The resection of brain tumors can be critical concerning localization, but is a key point in treating gliomas. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM), awake craniotomy, and mapping procedures have been incorporated over the years. Using these intraoperative techniques, the resection of eloquent-area tumors without increasing postoperative morbidity became possible. This study aims to analyze short-term and particularly long-term outcomes in patients diagnosed with high-grade glioma, who underwent surgical resection under various technical intraoperative settings over 14 years.