16.8 A 60Mb/s TRNG with PVT-Variation-Tolerant Design Based on STR in 4nm

True Random Number Generators (TRNGs) are essential for security protocols and cryptographic algorithms, employing random numbers in a variety of cryptographic applications pursuing data integrity, confidentiality, and authenticity. They often require high-throughput capabilities for scenarios such as financial transactions, real-time data processing, and large-scale communications. In addition, keeping the stable quality of randomness in terms of entropy per bit across wide PVT variations is an essential requirement. Otherwise, an attacker can take advantage of it, causing a serious security vulnerability.