Design of a new serial control and detection module based on Manchester encoding

This article presents the design of a FPGA-based serial control and detection module that emulates the 1553B protocol. The module integrates a custom serial control and detection communication protocol within the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), which defines the message formats for data, command, and acknowledgment words. It utilizes Manchester encoding for signal debugging and employs a command-response mode for data transmission. The module exhibits high resistance to interference. Compared to the 1553B bus, this design offers several innovations. Firstly, it significantly reduces software development efforts while ensuring reliable transmission by utilizing a command-response-based data transfer method. Secondly, it addresses the issues of long software retransmission time and poor real-time performance in handling response errors by implementing a hardware automatic retransmission mechanism. Thirdly, the hardware design, employing FPGA and RS485 physical interface, greatly reduces the overall design cost compared to the 1553B chip solution. Lastly, the integration of a PCI Express interface enables the module to be applied on different processor platforms. These innovations make this design highly adaptable for small unmanned platforms such as unmanned vehicles, and it holds promising prospects for a wide range of applications.