Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Cancer Survivors with Severe Symptomatic Aortic Valve Disease: A Retrospective Single-Center Observational Study

Background/Objectives: Cancer survivors can develop heart conditions such as aortic valve disease because of age and other shared risk factors. If this valve condition becomes symptomatic, the prognosis is poor if the valve is not replaced. Surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is one mode of treatment. Methods: Of 2500 consecutive patients who underwent SAVR with a biological valve, 388 patients were cancer survivors. They were compared for preoperative characteristics, operative parameters, postoperative adverse events, need for resources, and long-term survival. For the latter, the six most common tumors (prostate, breast, colorectal, bladder, pulmonary, and hematologic) and the effect of the interval between cancer treatment and cardiac surgery were scrutinized. Results: Cancer increased significantly over time. Pulmonary and kidney disease differed between the groups, but cardiac comorbid conditions did not. Operative parameters, early adverse events, and need for resources did not differ. Median survival time was significantly reduced in cancer survivors: 104 (97–112) versus 119 (116–122) months, and this was driven by an interval of less than 5 years and prior lung cancer. Prior cancer was the least important of ten predictors for long-term mortality. Conclusions: The outcome of cancer survivors after SAVR is acceptable. For patients with pulmonary cancer, the outcome is poor.