The Status of Metabolic Control in Patients with Diabetes Attending Primary Care Clinics in Madinah, Saudi Arabia

Background and Objectives: The comprehensive control of diabetes and its related comorbidities is essential to avoid diabetes complications and reduce diabetes care expenses. Nevertheless, several reports have uncovered a gap in diabetes management and confirmed suboptimal glycemic control globally. This study aims to assess metabolic control among patients with diabetes attending primary care clinics (PCCs) in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study took place in Madinah city, Saudi Arabia, in 15 primary care centers. A consecutive series of 692 adult diabetic patients who attended the clinics in one year were included. The primary outcome measures were achieving blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipids goals. The achievement of adequate metabolic control followed the American diabetes association (ADA) guidelines. Results: The majority (98%) of the patients had type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with a mean age of 55.1 ± 11.6 years and a mean diabetes duration of 11.02 ± 7.8 years. The mean HbA1c was 8.39 ± 1.7, and glycemic goals (HbA1C < 7%) were achieved in 15.7%. The achievement of LDL, triglyceride, and HDL goals were as follows; 46.4%. 53.3%, and 70.8%, respectively. In total 66.3% of subjects achieved systolic blood pressure goals, and 88.7% achieved diastolic blood pressure goals. Younger age, longer diabetes duration, and higher LDL levels were associated with poor glycemic control. Conclusions: Glycemic control is inadequate among patients with diabetes at PCCs in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. A patient-centered approach and individualized management plan considering all risk factors are required.