Studies on physical characteristics of phages against Escherichia coli and whole genome sequencing and analysis of a coliphage

The present study is focused on isolation of phages against Escherichia coli . The study revealed that out of 30 sewage samples from 12 dairy farms, 11 coliphages were isolated. All the 11 phages were characterised and on the basis of morphology plaque, sizes ranging 1–8 µm in diameter were observed. All the phages were stable at temperatures of 50 °C and 60 °C for 48 h but were inviable at 65 °C > 6 h of exposure. Upon UV exposure for 30 min, all the phages were stable but with reduced viability. Whole genome sequencing of a phage showed 97.58% identity to Escherichia phage vB EcoM-ECP26, complete genome. Also phage contigs were identical to antibiotic resistance genes for β-lactamases, tetracyclins, glycopeptides, macrolides, diaminopyrimidines, aminoglycosides and carbapenems in abundance. Thus, it could be concluded from the study that phages harbour various antibiotic resistant genes that could lead to transmission of antibiotic resistance in the host, i.e. bacteria.