Evaluation of Burn Wound Healing and Anti‐inflammatory Potential of Semi‐synthetic Bergenia ciliata‐loaded Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogel: A Biochemical Perspective

The present work evaluated the wound healing capacity of Bergenia ciliata (BC) loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) hydrogel and its various components in a mouse model. In comparison to treatment groups, CMC‐BC nanoparticles (CMC‐BCNPs) significantly promoted wound contraction in burn injuries. The levels of glutathione (5.0 ± 0.3 µmol/L), glutathione peroxidase (179.4 ± 7.8 U/L), superoxide dismutase (194.6 ± 4.0 U/mL), catalase (6.2 ± 0.4 mmol/mL), malondialdehyde (3.5 ± 0.2 mmol/L), tumor necrosis factor‐α (19.8 ± 2.2 pg/mL), interleukin‐6 (15.8 ± 1.5 pg/mL), and interleukin‐8 (18.4 ± 1.9 pg/mL) were significantly restored in the CMC‐BCNPs treatment group. Furthermore, the normal re‐epithelialization, angiogenesis, and maturation of wounds in treatment groups supported the justification that CMC, coupled with BC extract and CMC‐BC‐based silver NPs, can operate synergistically to improve therapeutic effects. In carrageenan‐induced paw edema, in the multiple treatment group, the inflammation inhibition was 38.17% at the fourth hour. Other treatment groups, BC 300 mg/kg, BC 200 mg/kg, and BCNPs‐CMC, inhibition rates were 36.43%, 30.40%, and 24.97%, respectively. At the same time, BC‐CMC and BC 100 mg/kg showed inhibition of 23.40% and 22.10%, respectively. In summary, BC 300 mg/kg shown the most anti‐inflammatory effects compared to the other concentrations and combinations of BC. Conclusively, BC showed significant anti‐inflammatory and wound healing effects, paving the way for mechanistic biomedical research.