Assessment of Electrocardiographic Changes in Patients With Chronic Ischemic Heart Disease and Arterial Hypertension: Impact of Β-Adrenoblockers and Calcium Channel Blockers

Objective of the study – to objectify changes in electrocardiographic parameters in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and arterial hypertension (AH) before and after therapy with β-blockers (BB) and calcium channel blockers (CCB).Materials and Methods. Sixty patients with chronic IHD and AH were examined and divided into two groups: BB (n=30) and CCB (n=30). Electrocardiography was performed before treatment and after 4 weeks. The following parameters were assessed: PQ, QRS, QT intervals; amplitudes of P and T waves; repolarization indices (TpTe, QTc) and their dispersion; heart rate (HR); blood pressure (SBP/DBP); total cholesterol (TC); LDL and HDL cholesterol; uric acid (UA); and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by echocardiography. Results. Therapy with BB and CCB resulted in significant reductions in HR, blood pressure, TC, LDL, and UA levels, along with an increase in HDL cholesterol. LVEF remained stable with a slight improvement trend. ECG analysis revealed favorable dynamics: QTc and TpTe shortening, reduced repolarization dispersion, and stabilization of myocardial electrical activity. BB demonstrated a stronger effect in reducing sympathetic activity, slowing AV conduction, and correcting arrhythmogenic parameters, whereas CCB were more effective in lowering systolic blood pressure and improving lipid metabolism. Both treatment strategies optimized electrophysiological characteristics in patients with combined pathology.Conclusions. In patients with IHD and AH, BB and CCB therapy improved hemodynamic parameters, normalized lipid profile, reduced UA levels, and decreased indices of myocardial electrical instability (QTc, TpTe, repolarization dispersion), with BB showing the most pronounced antiarrhythmic effect.