Substantial declines in climatic suitability for Coffea arabica are projected across major growing regions, especially under high emissions scenarios.
Environmental suitability for coffee cultivation is forecasted to decrease significantly, particularly in the Americas, by 2061-2080 under SSP5-8.5.
Ecological niche modeling using MaxEnt and Niche Analyst assessed global environmental impacts for Coffea arabica under future climate scenarios.
Strategies for adaptation, conservation of genetic diversity, and protection of ecosystems are needed to mitigate climate change risks for coffee production.