What question did this study set out to answer?

To assess therapy-related malignancies in multiple myeloma across IMiD and anti-CD38 eras.

December 8, 2025Blood

Therapy-related malignancies in myeloma: SEER comparison of IMiD vs anti-CD38 eras

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Population-based analysis reveals lower mortality and improved clinical outcomes in anti-CD38 treated multiple myeloma patients.

To assess therapy-related malignancies in multiple myeloma across IMiD and anti-CD38 eras.
Analyzed SEER program data from 3,641 multiple myeloma patients aged 18+ in two treatment eras.
Used chi-square tests for associations between therapeutic period and outcomes.
Evaluated demographics, mortality, and secondary malignancies (SPMs).
Lower proportion of patients with multiple SPMs from 11.8% to 9.2% between eras (p = 0.008).
Non-significant reduction in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia from 2.8% to 2.0%.
Overall mortality decreased from 73.0% in the IMiD era to 43.0% in the anti-CD38 era (p < 0.001).

Patel et al. (2025) studied this question.

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