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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals immunosuppressive niches and clonal diversity in extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma refractory to immunotherapy

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Authors

JVJunia VieiraTMTarek H. MouhieddineHMHajer Merarda

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Overview

Spatial transcriptomics reveals immune exclusion and clonal diversity in extramedullary plasmacytoma, suggesting barriers to immunotherapy efficacy.

Key Points

  • To investigate the tumor microenvironment and clonal composition in extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma.
  • Applied high-resolution spatial transcriptomics to 15 extramedullary plasmacytoma samples.
  • Samples collected from relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients post-immunotherapy and newly diagnosed cases.
  • Conducted cellular profiling and analyzed spatial gene expression using multiple platforms.
  • Identified 388,250 single cells across lesions, encompassing immune and malignant populations.
  • Revealed three dominant transcriptional programs in plasma cell clusters at disease progression.
  • Discovered severe T cell depletion and antigen-presenting cell restriction in the immune microenvironment.

Cite This Study

Vieira et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f3a4fa91c937236d3c5https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-3949
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