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December 8, 2025BloodOpen Access

Comparative epidemiological analysis of hematological malignancies in adolescents and young adults (AYA) in the United States of America (USA), 1990–2021, with projections to 2040

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Authors

NKNiladri KalSMSudipto Mukherjee

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Overview

Comparative analysis reveals trends in leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma rates among adolescents and young adults, indicating the role of risk factors.

Key Points

  • This study aims to assess the trends in incidence and mortality rates of hematological malignancies in adolescents and young adults in the USA.
  • Analyzed Global Health Data Exchange data from 1990-2021.
  • Computed age-standardized incidence and death rates for various hematological malignancies.
  • Utilized a two-sample t-test for differences between ASR in different years.
  • Applied ARIMA model for cancer rate predictions up to 2040.
  • In 2021, there were 2,267 leukemia cases with 1,086 deaths among AYA.
  • Overall trends showed declining ASIR and ASDR in most malignancies except Burkitt lymphoma which increased.
  • High BMI was linked to mortality in all hematological malignancies, with smoking impacts also noted.

Cite This Study

Kal et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69362f7d4fa91c937236e45dhttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2025-1635
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Also Consider

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  1. 1The growing burden of high body mass index associated hematological cancer mortality in the United States of America (USA): A 30-year analysis (1990–2021)2025
  2. 2Geographic, demographic, and risk factor profiles of acute myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the United States: Insights from the global burden of disease study 20212025
  3. 3Trend analysis of hematological tumors in adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2019 and predictive trends from 2020 to 2044: A Global Burden of Disease study2024 · 21 citations
  4. 4Hematologic malignancies burden in China compared with the United States 1990–2021 and projections to 20402026
  5. 5Adolescent and young adult cancer death burden in the United States from 1990 to 2023.2026