Marchiafava–Bignami Disease with Hyperperfusion on Arterial Spin Labeling and Complete Recovery

Abstract Marchiafava–Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare demyelinating disease, which mostly diagnosed among alcoholics. Previous studies on cerebral perfusion of patients with MBD mostly found hypoperfusion of corpus callosum and extra-callosal lesions. Nevertheless, hyperperfusion of corpus callosum in MBD has rarely been described.The aim of this study was to report a case of MBD with hyperperfusion on arterial spin labeling and completely recovered. We described a case of MBD with hyperperfusion in the corpus callosum on arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging, presented with altered mental state. This MBD patient eventually achieved a complete recovery. We suppose that the hyperperfusion of corpus callosum in this patient may be associated with the vasodilation caused by the inflammatory response in the lesions. Future researches are needed to confirm our finding.