Bio‐Adrenomedullin Predicts Death and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Cross‐Continental Multicenter Study

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow chart summarizing the study design. Patients with cardiac amyloidosis prospectively enrolled at Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité, Germany (Charité) constitute the initial observation cohort (n=86). The validation cohort (n=124) comprises patients with cardiac amyloidosis from the Kumamoto University, Japan (n=57) and the Washington University in St Louis, United States (n=67). CA indicates cardiac amyloidosis.

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  Figure 2. A, Kaplan–Meier curves illustrating estimated MACE‐free survival over 2 y of follow‐up among the low bio‐ADM (black line; n=64) and the high bio‐ADM (gray line; n=22) subgroups of the observation cohort (n=86). MACE‐free survival was significantly lower in the high bio‐ADM subgroup than in the low bio‐ADM subgroup (log rank; P<0.001). B, Similar results were observed when comparing estimated MACE‐free survival between the low bio‐ADM (black line; n=103) and high bio‐ADM (n=21) subgroups of the validation cohort (log rank; P<0.001). Bio‐ADM indicates bioactive adrenomedullin; and MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.

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  Figure 3. A, Kaplan–Meier curves illustrating estimated overall survival over 2 years of follow‐up among the low bio‐ADM (black line; n=64) and the high bio‐ADM (gray line; n=22) subgroups of the observation cohort (n=86). MACE‐free survival was significantly lower in the high bio‐ADM subgroup than in the low bio‐ADM subgroup (log rank; P<0.001). B, Similar results were observed when comparing estimated overall survival between the low bio‐ADM (black line; n=103) and high bio‐ADM (n=21) subgroups of the validation cohort (log rank; P<0.001). Bio‐ADM indicates bioactive adrenomedullin; and MACE, major adverse cardiovascular event.

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  Figure 4. Kaplan–Meier curves illustrating estimated overall survival of the low bio‐ADM (black line) and high bio‐ADM (gray line) subgroups across stages I–III of the National Amyloidosis Centre staging system and the Mayo Clinic staging system for transthyretin amyloidosis. Bio‐ADM indicates bioactive adrenomedullin; MayoATTR, Mayo Clinic staging system for transthyretin amyloidosis; and NAC, National Amyloidosis Centre.