Relationship of glycemic, metabolic, immuno-inflammatory, and psychopathological parameters in patients with depressive disorder: a retrospective analysis

Objective. To study the relationships between the glycemia level, metabolic, immunoinflammatory, and psychopathological parameters in patients with depressive disorder. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 234 patients (78 males, 156 females) with depressive states (ICD-10: F32, F33) was conducted. Participants were divided into groups with normal (n=215) and elevated (n=19) glucose levels. The data on psychopathological scores (the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity [CGI-S]), metabolic indicators (glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile), and immunoinflammatory indicators (CRP) were evaluated. The non-parametric statistics methods (Mann—Whitney U-test), correlation analysis (Pearson), multiple regression, and factor analysis were used. Results. In the group with hyperglycemia, higher levels of insulin (23.17±4.21 vs. 9.91±1.12 μU/mL; p=0.003), HbA1c (5.67±0.15 vs. 5.24±0.08%; p=0.019), and creatinine (90.00±5.48 vs 71.95±2.31 μmol/L; p=0.002) were found. The correlation analysis revealed weak, though statistically significant, positive correlations between glucose levels and age (r=0.19), BMI (r=0.21), and MADRS score (r=0.14). Regression analysis showed a significant effect of body mass index (β=0.28; p=0.002) and triglyceride level (β=0.19; p=0.018) on glucose level. Conclusion. A correlation was found between metabolic disorders and the severity of depressive symptoms, which requires an integrative approach to the therapy of these patients.