Association of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index With Prognosis in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Figures

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  Figure 1. Flow chart of the study. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.

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  Figure 2. Distribution of the risk score, survival status, and expression profiles of GNRI predicting MACEs. In the heat map, red indicates higher expression levels, while light blue indicates lower expression levels. The risk scores are displayed in ascending order, with patients categorized as either low‐risk (blue) or high‐risk (red) based on a predetermined threshold (vertical black line). Each bar in the plot corresponds to the occurrence of MACEs in a specific patient. Red bars correspond to cases of MACEs, whereas blue bars indicate no recurrence during the observation period. GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events.

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  Figure 3. Cumulative survival probability curves of MACEs (A) and all‐cause death (B) during follow‐up stratified by the GNRI. The blue line represents the high GNRI group, and the red line represents the low GNRI group. GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events.

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  Figure 4. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) of the high and low GNRI groups when predicting rehospitalization risk (A) and cardiovascular death (B) by competing risk model. The red line represents the high GNRI group, and the green line represents the low GNRI group. GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index.

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  Figure 5. Forest plot illustrating the association of the GNRI with the risk of MACEs (A) and all‐cause death (B) in patients with ACS undergoing PCI stratified by various subgroups. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; CAD, coronary artery disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; HF, heart failure; LVEDD, left ventricular end‐diastolic diameter; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction.

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  Figure 6. Dose–response relationship of the GNRI with the risk of MACEs (A) and all‐cause death (B) in ACS patients undergoing PCI. ACS, acute coronary syndrome; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; MACEs, major adverse cardiovascular events; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.