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January 18, 2026International Journal of Environmental Research and Public HealthOpen Access

Caries and Socioeconomic Factors in Adults (19–60 Years Old): An Updated Systematic Review of Observational Studies

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Authors

MCMaria Aparecida Gonçalves de Melo CunhaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisACAlex Junio Silva da CruzUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisCMCarolina Castro Martins-PfeiferUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais

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Overview

Systematic review identifies socioeconomic factors influencing dental caries in adults, suggesting effective intervention strategies.

Key Points

  • The study aimed to examine the relationship between socioeconomic indicators and dental caries in adults aged 19–60 years.
  • Conducted a systematic review following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
  • Performed a search of eight electronic databases for observational studies from March 2017 to April 2024.
  • Two independent reviewers selected studies, extracted data, and assessed bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.
  • Utilized narrative synthesis due to methodological heterogeneity across included studies.
  • Found a strong inverse association between socioeconomic position and caries experience.
  • Lower income, educational attainment, and employment status in unskilled occupations correlated with higher caries experience.
  • Advanced analytical approaches reinforced education and income as key contributors to oral health inequalities.

Cite This Study

Cunha et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/696c772aeb60fb80d13957fahttps://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph23010112
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