Modeling and optimized control of inertia response characteristics for grid-forming wind turbines

While high-penetration wind power integration increases the proportion of clean energy, it leads to a significant decrease in the equivalent inertia of power systems. Existing inertia support methods often fail to provide sufficiently rapid and adequate inertia response. To address this issue, this paper investigates the inertia response characteristics of grid-forming wind turbines using inertial synchronization control. The complex power coefficient method is employed to analyze the mechanism by which the inertia transmission control loop induces system instability. Subsequently, the influence of variations in control parameters on the inertia response characteristic curve is further explored. Optimized control strategies are proposed based on modifying control parameters and altering the control structure, respectively, to achieve higher and faster inertia response. These strategies are of core value for enhancing the frequency anti-disturbance resilience of new power systems. Finally, all proposed methods and analyses are validated via simulations.