CAR‐Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases: From the Laboratory to Clinical Practice

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized by a breakdown in immune tolerance, wherein the patient’s immune system fails to recognize self‐tissues and subsequently attacks the body’s organs and tissues. Although there are many therapeutic medicines targeting the pathogenic mechanisms, there is currently a lack of curative or long‐term symptom control options. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) cells are engineered cells that express multifunctional synthetic receptors. These CAR cells specifically target killer pathogenic immune cells and offer a novel approach to treating AIDs by modulating the immune microenvironment. Recent studies have demonstrated satisfactory outcomes with this method in managing autoimmune conditions. In our review paper, we provide a comprehensive summary of previous cases utilizing CAR cell therapy for AIDs. We hope that our review will provide clinicians with more options for the treatment of AIDs.