VEGF inhibitors used in hematologic cancers cause cardiovascular toxicities including hypertension, heart failure, and thromboembolism, complicating patient management.
What are the cardiovascular adverse effects associated with VEGF inhibitors in patients with hematologic cancers?
VEGF inhibitors used in hematologic malignancies carry significant cardiovascular toxicities, highlighting the need for careful cardio-oncology management in this vulnerable population.
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The therapeutic landscape of hematologic malignancies has undergone a paradigm shift with the increasing incorporation of targeted therapies, including inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. While VEGF-directed agents have historically been developed and deployed in solid tumors, their application in hematologic cancers-particularly multiple myeloma, select leukemias, and rare lymphomas-has expanded in investigational and clinical settings. VEGF is fundamental to angiogenesis, maintenance of endothelial integrity, and regulation of vascular tone. As a result, therapeutic inhibition of VEGF signaling is associated with a characteristic spectrum of cardiovascular adverse effects. These include hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, heart failure, thromboembolic complications, and renal injury, all of which present important clinical challenges in patients with hematologic malignancies. This population frequently has additional vulnerability due to factors such as cytopenias, preexisting renal impairment, and prior exposure to cardiotoxic anticancer therapies. This review aims to provide a cardio-oncology-oriented overview of VEGF biology, the range of VEGF-targeted agents used in hematologic cancers, and the underlying mechanisms driving their cardiovascular toxicities.
Thukral et al. (Tue,) reported a other. VEGF inhibitors used in hematologic cancers cause cardiovascular toxicities including hypertension, heart failure, and thromboembolism, complicating patient management.