Applications of Bone Organoids in Bone Regeneration: Unveiling New Strategies for Disease Mechanisms and Drug Screening

With rapid advances in regenerative medicine, disease modeling, and personalized medicine, bone organoids have emerged as an innovative and promising platform in tissue engineering. These in vitro generated 3D multicellular constructs recapitulate key structural, cellular, and biochemical features of native bone tissue, offering unique opportunities to study bone development, pathology, and repair. Recent progress has demonstrated the utility of bone organoids in elucidating disease mechanisms, enhancing bone regeneration, and enabling high‐throughput drug screening. This review provides a comprehensive and up‐to‐date overview of bone organoid research published over the past 5 years, covering their definition, characteristic features, fabrication strategies, and applications in bone tissue engineering and bone‐related disease research. We highlight key enabling technologies underlying bone organoid development and systematically compare organoid‐based strategies with conventional bone tissue engineering approaches, with particular emphasis on their ability to simulate the native bone microenvironment. Finally, we discuss current challenges and future development trends of bone organoids, aiming to offer insights that may facilitate their translational application and promote the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for bone regeneration and disease treatment.