A transistor-based point-of-care assay with lipid-capped sensory interface for clinical profiling of cardiovascular diseases

Point-of-care (POC) testing for electrical detection of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can enable effective screening and surveillance. However, the complexity and diversity of serum samples interfere with the transduction of electrical signals, limiting the sensitivity and accuracy of the biochemical assay. Here, we present the development and performance of an electrical POC assay based on self-assembled lipid-capped transistor sensory interfaces for the simultaneous detection and profiling of five myocardial injury biomarkers, with detection limits as low as pg/mL levels. By reducing Debye screening and non-specific adsorption through phospholipid self-assembly, the electrical assay maintains high sensitivity and specificity in human serum, as well as promising quantitative accuracy. For acute myocardial infarction (AMI) animal modeling, our assay detects variations in key biomarker characteristics within 15 to 45 minutes after the onset of myocardial injury, with a detection time window more than 30 minutes earlier than biochemical assays. Through the combination profiling of five biomarker signatures from 265 clinical serum samples, our assay achieves 91.7% accuracy for AMI identification and 79.6% accuracy for cardiovascular disease classification, effectively monitoring the prognosis of AMI patients. This assay may provide reliable clinical guidance for the early diagnosis, risk assessment, and prognosis monitoring of CVD.