Triggers of Differences in the Anti-Contractile Function of Perivascular Adipose Tissue in the Thoracic and Abdominal Aorta.

Perivascular adipose tissue(PVAT)is a novel type of adipose tissue distinct from visceral fat.It releases adipokines with vasoconstrictive functions,which regulate vascular functions through paracrine and endocrine mechanisms.PVAT exhibits regional phenotypic differences in different parts of the vasculature bed,which may lead to heterogeneity in the secretion profiles and norepinephrine(NE)content among different regions of PVAT and subsequently affect the regulation of specific adipokine signaling pathways,resulting in differences in vascular function among different regions.This review summarizes the factors influencing the differences in the anti-contractile function of PVAT in different regions,including the origins of adipocytes and heterogeneity of regional PVAT,the anti-contractile function mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),the activity of the adiponectin-eNOS pathway,and the concentration of NE,aiming to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and research.