Catheter ablation improves cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Figures

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  Figure 1. Search strategy and source of included studies.PRISMA flow chart for study eligibility. *some studies excluded for multiple reasons.

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  Figure 2. Effect of ablation on mortality, heart failure hospitalization, and stroke. Forest plots for the primary analysis of all-cause mortality (top) and the secondary analyses of heart failure hospitalization (middle) and stroke (bottom). These plots include trials with mean follow-up ≥ 2 years.

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  Figure 3. Sensitivity analysis—all follow-up durations. Pre-specified sensitivity analysis forest plot for all-cause mortality (top) and hospitalizations (bottom) in trials with any follow-up duration.

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  Figure 4. Sensitivity analysis—low risk of bias. Pre-specified sensitivity analyses forest plot for all-cause mortality (above) and hospitalizations (below) in trials assessed as being at low risk of bias.