Experiments assess extinction resistance in turtles with varying reinforcement schedules, indicating broader learning principles.
Resistance to extinction of gradually increased(gI)or decreased(gD)ratio of partial reinforcement has been studied to assess theories on the partial reinforcement extinction effect(PREE).The present expriment with turtles was designed to determine the resistance to extinction after gI of gD schedule and to discuss generality of learning principles across different species.Three groups of turtles were trained with extensive acquistion under massed-trial training and then extinguished in a straight alleyway.The gI(N=2),gD(N=5)and random partial(RA:N=4)groups received 56% reinforcement(Table1)with 10 trials a day for 10 days during acquistion and for another 10 days during extinction.Although there were significant acquisition and extinction effects,the three groups failed to differ statistically in borh training phases.The results,however,suggest the adaptability of gradually-shifted reward schedules to turtles as well as to rats,and open the possibility for a detailed analysis of learning mechanisms in turtles.|漸増率(gI)又は漸減率(gD)部分強化は,その消去抵抗を調べることにより,部分強化消去効果(PREE)に関する諸理論を効果的に検討する方法であると見なされてきた。本実験はカメを用いながら,gI又はgD型強化訓練後の消去抵抗を調べることにより,動物種が異なった場合学習原理が普遍性をもつか否かを検証するために行われた。3群のカメが集中試行条件で十分に習得訓練され,こののち消去訓練を与えられた。装置は直線走路である。gI群(N=2),gD群(N=5),ランダム強化群(RA:N=4)の各群とも56%強化を受け(強化系列はTable1参照)習得と消去のいずれにおいても1日10試行で10日間の実験訓練が与えられた。結果では有意な習得効果及び有意な消去効果が見いだされたが,両訓練期で3群間の差は有意ではなかった。しかしながら今回の結果は,漸次的移行型の強化スケジュールがラットに対するのと同様にカメにも適用できることを示し,カメの学習機構の分析を進める上での基礎を提供したといえる。
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石田 et al. (1994) studied this question.
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