Megawatt charging for electric trucks in a multidirectional microgrid

Decarbonisation of the road freight sector, particularly trucks or heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), is necessary to achieving net zero commitments. Electric HGVs (eHGVs) are an environmentally sustainable solution, but their economic viability is uncertain. This paper addresses the challenges of eHGVs charging infrastructure and discusses an innovative solution with high-power, megawatt charging supported by a microgrid. This technology enables the integration of local generation, and storage, therefore minimising reliance upon the electricity distribution network, and supporting high-power, megawatt charging infrastructure. The energy management and economic opportunities offered by smart charging (V1G) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation in a microgrid may reduce the total cost of ownership (TCO). The proposed microgrid incorporates power components including high-power, megawatt chargers, battery energy storage system (BESS), flywheel energy storage system (FESS), potential photovoltaic generation, along with legacy electricity distribution network connection and other consumer loads at site. A computer simulation model was developed to support feasibility assessment, microgrid design, and component sizing for any site location. Use of this simulation model will assist fleet operators to make informed decisions about eHGV charging infrastructure investment.