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April 18, 2026Critical Reviews in Toxicology

A framework for assessing the safety of degraded pharmaceuticals for long-duration space missions - Part 2: framework application in four case studies

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Authors

AMAndrey MassarskyVEVeneese J. B. EvansEFErnest S. Fung

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Overview

Framework evaluates health risks of drug degradants in space, suggesting implications for NASA's programs.

Key Points

  • The aim is to evaluate the safety of degraded pharmaceuticals for long-term space missions using a risk assessment framework.
  • Application of a five-step risk assessment framework to evaluate drug degradants
  • Assessment focused on medications relevant to NASA's exploration drug formulary
  • Conducted four case studies on various drug products under specific spaceflight conditions
  • Analysis of potential health risks associated with the degradation products
  • Diclofenac, gabapentin, and ethinyl estradiol degradants unlikely to pose health risks
  • Potential risks identified for azithromycin and norethindrone degradants necessitate further consideration
  • Framework effectively accommodates various use scenarios for risk classification

Cite This Study

Massarsky et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69e3201440886becb653f33bhttps://doi.org/10.1080/10408444.2026.2633422
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