April 23, 2026Journal of the American College of Cardiology
2021 Update to the 2017 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway for Optimization of Heart Failure Treatment: Answers to 10 Pivotal Issues About Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
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“Relative to an ACE inhibitor and a beta-blocker alone, optimal implementation of the current guideline-directed medical therapies can extend medical survival by more than 6 years.”
“Optimal GDMT among HFrEF patients is distressingly low, due in part to the number and complexity of medications that now constitute GDMT.”
“The 2017 Expert Consensus Decision Pathway got a lot of attention because it takes a very practical approach to questions that clinicians and their patients have to tackle everyday but for which there was not always clean answers from the data.”
Cite This Study
Maddox et al. (2021) studied this question.