Analysis of Long‐Term Effects of Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvotomy (PBMV) in 90 Patients With Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: A Retrospective Analysis

Background Analysis of the long‐term effects of percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy (PBMV) intervention in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. Aims To evaluate the long‐term efficacy, safety, and hemodynamic outcomes of PBMV in patients with rheumatic heart disease and mitral stenosis through a 6‐year retrospective clinical follow‐up. Methods Ninety patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis treated in our hospital from January 2012 to 2017 were selected retrospectively. The changes of cardiac function grade before and 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention, left atrial diameter (LADd), mitral valve area (MVA), transvalvular pressure difference (MVG), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PAPs), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and restenosis 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention were observed. Results Post‐procedural NYHA functional class improved significantly compared with baseline ( p < 0.05). NYHA class remained stable across 1‐, 3‐, and mid‐term (6‐year) follow‐up visits, with no statistically significant differences between these time points. After 6 years of intervention, MVA and LVEF were still higher than those before intervention, while LADd, MVG, and PAPs were still lower than those before intervention ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the study cohort in terms of restenosis, complications, and cardiac adverse events at 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention ( p > 0.05). Conclusions The long‐term effect of PBMV is good in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.