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April 25, 2026Journal of Clinical MedicineOpen Access

Higher Plasma Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Have a Non-Linear Relationship with the Disease Prognostic Indices and Microvascular Complications: A Cross-Sectional Saudi Study

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Authors

BABasil M. Alomair

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Overview

Cross-sectional analysis reveals non-linear relationships between sphingosine-1-phosphate levels and complications in type 2 diabetes.

Key Points

  • To explore plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate levels in type 2 diabetes patients and their relationships with disease parameters and complications.
  • Cross-sectional study of 140 type 2 diabetes patients and 63 healthy controls.
  • Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate measured by competitive ELISA.
  • Statistical analyses included correlation, ROC analysis, and regression methods.
  • Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate was significantly higher in type 2 diabetes patients (1256.7 ng/mL) than controls (1075.1 ng/mL; p < 0.001).
  • Sphingosine-1-phosphate levels positively correlated with disease severity metrics such as HbA1c and insulin resistance.
  • There was a U-shaped relationship with HDL-C and a J-shaped relationship with complication risk, indicating an optimal therapeutic range of 1100–1350 ng/mL.

Cite This Study

Basil M. Alomair (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69ec5bd288ba6daa22dad263https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm15093233
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