What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Review. Population: Pediatric obesity. Intervention: Anti-obesity medications.

What question did this study set out to answer?

Synthesize current evidence on lifestyle interventions and pharmacologic therapies for pediatric obesity, emphasizing their impact on hypertension and chronic kidney disease.

April 27, 2026Pediatric NephrologyOpen Access

Anti-obesity medications in children and adolescents: blood pressure and chronic kidney disease implications

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Key result

Anti-obesity medications including GLP-1 RAs reduce adolescent weight and may improve BP and kidney outcomes.

Why the study?

Pediatric obesity drives cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, underscoring the need for integrated treatment approaches addressing cardiometabolic and kidney consequences.

Population

Children and adolescents with obesity

Comparison

Lifestyle interventions and pharmacologic therapies

Design

Narrative review

Authors

MCMargaret A. ClementBaylor College of Medicine JSJoyce P. SamuelGlan Clwyd Hospital

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Supports distinguishing preclinical from clinical obesity to address CKM risks in children; leaves open dedicated trials for integrated treatments.

Key Points

Synthesize current evidence on lifestyle interventions and pharmacologic therapies for pediatric obesity, emphasizing their impact on hypertension and chronic kidney disease.
Narrative review synthesizing pediatric clinical practice guidelines, lifestyle intervention trials, and obesity pharmacotherapy trials.
Evaluated five medications approved for non-syndromic pediatric obesity along with off-label therapies and their renal and cardiometabolic effects.
Intensive health behavior and lifestyle treatment requires at least 26 contact-hours over 2 to 12 months for moderate net benefit, but high attrition and access barriers limit real-world sustainability.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and combination phentermine/topiramate demonstrate the greatest weight reduction efficacy among approved pediatric agents.
Emerging findings indicate glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists may improve blood pressure and kidney endpoints, though long-term pediatric safety and weight-loss durability data remain limited.

Structured PICO

Population

Children and adolescents with obesity

Intervention

Anti-obesity medications (including GLP-1 receptor agonists, phentermine/topiramate, orlistat, and phentermine monotherapy) and lifestyle interventions

Pharmacotherapy, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists and phentermine/topiramate, is increasingly used as an effective adjunctive treatment for pediatric obesity, though long-term safety, cost, and access remain substantial barriers.

Limitations

Lack of long-term safety data in children
Rebound weight gain after treatment discontinuation
High drug costs and restricted insurance coverage
Limited pediatric evidence for kidney outcomes
Overrepresentation of White participants in GLP-1 trials
Lack of long-term safety data
Durability of weight loss
Cost
Access barriers

Cite This Study

Clement et al. (2026) conducted a review in Pediatric obesity. Anti-obesity medications was evaluated. Anti-obesity medications, particularly GLP-1 receptor agonists and phentermine/topiramate, effectively reduce weight in adolescents with obesity and may improve blood pressure and kidney outcomes.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69eefde9fede9185760d4a34 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-026-07293-8

Topics

Hypertension management GLP-1 agonists cardiovascular outcomes Retatrutide

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Implication

Supports distinguishing preclinical from clinical obesity to address CKM risks in children; leaves open dedicated trials for integrated treatments.

Anti-obesity medications in children and adolescents: blood pressure and chronic kidney disease implications

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Topics

Anti-obesity medications in children and adolescents: blood pressure and chronic kidney disease implications

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Also Consider

Topics

Also Consider