Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of LCZ696, a Novel Dual‐Acting Angiotensin Receptor—Neprilysin Inhibitor (ARNi)

Angiotensin receptor blockade and neprilysin (NEP) inhibition together offer potential benefits for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. LCZ696 is a novel single molecule comprising molecular moieties of valsartan and NEP inhibitor prodrug AHU377 (1:1 ratio). Oral administration of LCZ696 caused dose-dependent increases in atrial natriuretic peptide immunoreactivity (due to NEP inhibition) in Sprague-Dawley rats and provided sustained, dose-dependent blood pressure reductions in hypertensive double-transgenic rats. In healthy participants, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (n = 80) of single-dose (200-1200 mg) and multiple-dose (50-900 mg once daily for 14 days) oral administration of LCZ696 showed that peak plasma concentrations were reached rapidly for valsartan (1.6-4.9 hours), AHU377 (0.5-1.1 hours), and its active moiety, LBQ657 (1.8-3.5 hours). LCZ696 treatment was associated with increases in plasma cGMP, renin concentration and activity, and angiotensin II, providing evidence for NEP inhibition and angiotensin receptor blockade. In a randomized, open-label crossover study in healthy participants (n = 56), oral LCZ696 400 mg and valsartan 320 mg were shown to provide similar exposure to valsartan (geometric mean ratio [90% confidence interval]: AUC(0-infinity) 0.90 [0.82-0.99]). LCZ696 was safe and well tolerated. These data support further clinical development of LCZ696, a novel, orally bioavailable, dual-acting angiotensin receptor-NEP inhibitor (ARNi) for hypertension and heart failure.